Dairy cattle breeds are distinguished primarily by their high productivity, milk quality, and adaptability to different climatic conditions. Among the most widespread dairy breeds in the world are Holstein-Friesian (black-and-white), Jersey, Simmental, and Alatau. Each of these breeds has its own advantages: Holstein-Friesian cows can produce 8,000–12,000 liters of milk per year, while Jersey cows are known for their high milk fat content — up to 5.5–6.5%. Simmental cattle are notable not only for milk production, but also for their meat productivity. Proper feeding plays an important role in maintaining high milk yield. The daily diet of a cow should consist of about 50% green forage, 25–30% concentrates, and 20–25% hay and roughage. In addition, cows must be provided with clean drinking water throughout the day. Research shows that a lactating cow consumes 60–100 liters of water per day. If water is insufficient, milk production decreases sharply. To keep cows healthy, their living environment must meet hygiene standards. The temperature inside the barn should be kept between +10 to +20°C, while relative humidity should be around 60–70%. Bedding must always be kept dry, and the barn should be regularly ventilated. Moisture and contamination are the main causes of hoof diseases and inflammation of the udder. Therefore, bedding should be replaced every two to three days.
Social networks:
Read also
