Fig Cultivation in the Conditions of Uzbekistan Fig plants are sensitive to cold, so in Uzbekistan they are covered in winter and uncovered in spring

Figs are quite demanding in terms of moisture and grow well in light, fertile soils. They hardly grow in saline or gravelly soils. Figs are planted in a 5x4 scheme. Each fig plant is shaped into a bush with 3–4 main stems. In summer, one or two times, thickening shoots, tangled shoots, and dried branches that appeared that year are pruned. Fig orchards are irrigated 9–10 times during the growing season. In Uzbekistan, many varieties are grown, including Kadeta, yellow fig, black fig, Chapla, and others.A single fig plant can yield 20–40 kg of fruit. Fig fruits ripen at the end of August. Freshly ripened figs, when consumed, soften the intestines, eliminate internal swelling and thickened substances, and cleanse the stomach and intestines of harmful substances. They are effective for epilepsy and paralysis, are easily digestible, induce sweating, and relieve body temperature and thirst. Figs are mainly consumed as food, but since ancient times, in folk medicine, they have been used as a remedy for liver, spleen, and lung diseases. Infusions made from their fruits and stems are used for coughs and phlegm removal, and juice mixed with honey is beneficial for eye diseases. All fig varieties can be dried, but lighter-colored varieties produce better stems. To dry figs, open-field sunlight is mainly used. High-temperature sunny days in August and September occur throughout Uzbekistan, making it possible to dry figs in the sun during this period. If the fruits are large, thin-skinned, and well-dried on the ground, they are sorted, the fruit bunches are taken, and the fruits are placed evenly on specially prepared thin trays. They are then smoked with sulfur in specially prepared rooms, 150 g per 1 m³, for 4 hours with tightly closed doors. To smoke one ton of fig fruits, 1.5–2.0 kg of sulfur powder is required.
Nowadays, figs can also be dried in solar helio dryers, which are increasingly being adopted by many farm households.
Department of Fruit Growing and Viticulture, Associate Professor Adilov Hikmatilla Abduxalilovich